Why Arunachal’s 46-Year-Old ‘Anti-Conversion Law’ is Causing Concerns in the Northeast
The Arunachal Pradesh government’s recent decision to implement the long-dormant anti-conversion law, following a directive from the Gauhati High Court, has sparked controversy. While the state’s Christian communities are strongly opposing the move, other northeastern states are also watching the situation with concern.
The Arunachal Pradesh Freedom of Religion Act, 1978
The Arunachal Pradesh Freedom of Religion Act (APFRA) was introduced back in 1978 by the first Assembly when Arunachal Pradesh was still a Union Territory. It’s actually the first law in the area aimed at regulating religious conversions and stopping any forced conversions. However, due to strong opposition from Christian leaders, the law remained inactive for 46 years.
Legal Push for Implementation
In September 2023, a petition was filed, accusing the Arunachal Pradesh government of failing to implement the Act. The Itanagar Bench of the Gauhati High Court took note of the plea and directed the state government to finalize the draft for implementation within six months. As the deadline approaches at the end of March 2024, the controversy surrounding the Act has intensified.
Christian Groups Demand Repeal of the Law
The Arunachal Christian Forum (ACF) has strongly opposed the implementation of the anti-conversion law, fearing it could be misused to target religious minorities. The ACF is now pushing for the repeal of the Act and has been actively organizing protests and discussions with government officials.
Protests and Government’s Response
On March 4, 2024, ACF President Tarh Miri met with Arunachal Pradesh’s Home and Indigenous Affairs Minister Mama Natung to express concerns about the Act. After the meeting, Miri announced that the Christian community would hold a protest rally on March 6, despite the government’s request to call it off. The minister assured the ACF that an inclusive committee would be formed to oversee the issue, but he also clarified that repealing the law would not be possible, as it had already received Presidential assent.
Concerns from Neighboring States
The move to implement APFRA is being closely watched by other northeastern states, where religious demographics are diverse. Many fear that similar laws could be introduced in their regions, sparking unrest among religious communities. Christian organizations in Nagaland, Meghalaya, and Mizoram have expressed concerns that such laws could infringe on religious freedom and deepen communal divisions.
Future Implications of the Law
The enforcement of APFRA could have far-reaching consequences beyond Arunachal Pradesh. If other northeastern states decide to introduce similar laws, it could set a precedent for stricter religious regulations across the region. Many legal experts argue that such laws need to be carefully implemented to prevent misuse and ensure they do not infringe upon fundamental rights.
Public Opinion and Political Reactions
Political leaders, human rights organizations, and religious groups have all voiced their opinions on the matter. While some support the law as a measure to curb forced conversions, others argue that it could lead to unnecessary restrictions on religious practices. The debate continues to intensify as more stakeholders get involved in the discussion.