The Congress party has launched a sharp attack on Prime Minister Narendra Modi over the ongoing caste census debate and the reservation system in India. On November 13, 2024, Congress demanded clarity on whether the Prime Minister views the caste census as a divisive issue and whether his government is willing to take concrete action to remove the 50% cap on reservations for Scheduled Castes (SCs), Scheduled Tribes (STs), and Other Backward Classes (OBCs).

The questioning comes amid heated discussions about the Bihar government's move to conduct a caste-based census, with political leaders from various parties backing the initiative, calling it a necessary step for social justice and equitable development. Congress spokespersons accused the Modi government of being ambiguous on the matter and sought a definitive position on the issue.

Caste Census: A Divisive Issue?

The Congress has raised concerns about whether the government's reluctance to support a caste census is an attempt to avoid confrontation on issues of social equity. They have demanded an explanation on whether the caste census would be seen as a divisive tool by the ruling party, or a step toward understanding and addressing the disparities faced by marginalized communities.

The demand for a caste census has grown louder, particularly in states like Bihar, where Chief Minister Nitish Kumar has been a strong proponent of the initiative. Congress leaders argue that a caste census is essential for accurate data on socio-economic disparities and for formulating targeted welfare policies.

The 50% Reservation Ceiling: A Question of Fairness

The Congress also questioned whether Prime Minister Modi would take decisive steps to remove the arbitrary 50% ceiling on reservations, a long-standing demand of various regional and national political groups. The current ceiling restricts the total percentage of reservations for SCs, STs, and OBCs, which Congress argues undermines the principle of affirmative action by limiting opportunities for historically marginalized communities.

Critics argue that the 50% cap has become an obstacle to expanding reservations in states like Tamil Nadu, where the demand for higher quotas for Backward Classes has gained momentum. Congress has urged the government to revisit the reservation ceiling and allow for adjustments based on the evolving needs of society.

Political Reactions and Future Implications

The Congress's attack on Modi comes at a time of intense political debate surrounding caste-based reservations and social justice. With several regional parties also pushing for the removal of the 50% cap and support for caste censuses, the issue is expected to dominate the political discourse in the run-up to upcoming elections in states like Bihar and Uttar Pradesh.

Political analysts suggest that how Prime Minister Modi and his government respond to these demands will have a significant impact on social cohesion and electoral prospects in the coming years. As the debate over caste-based policies intensifies, the question remains whether the ruling BJP will embrace or resist the growing call for reform in India’s reservation system.